Search results for "genetics [Transcriptome]"

showing 10 items of 3033 documents

Association of model peptides and dehydropeptides: N-acetyl-L-butyrine and (Z)-dehydrobutyrine N',N'-dimethylamides.

2006

These comparative studies on the aggregation behaviour of Ac-(Z)-DeltaAbu-NMe(2) and Ac-L-Abu-NMe(2) in carbon tetrachloride were performed by the analysis of their FTIR spectra and by theoretical calculations. The percentage of the monomeric form (alpha) decreased as concentration increased and this occurred to a higher degree for the (Z)-DeltaAbu derivative than for its saturated analogue. The dimerization constant K(D), calculated on the basis of the intensity of the monomer and associate bands in the nu(s)(N-H) vibration region, is by three orders of magnitude larger for Ac-(Z)-DeltaAbu-NMe(2) than for Ac-L-Abu-NMe(2). The obtained dimer geometries of the dehydro- compound were calculat…

chemistry.chemical_classificationHydrogen bondStereochemistryDimerInfrared spectroscopyPeptideGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyMonomerchemistryCarbon tetrachlorideOrders of magnitude (speed)Derivative (chemistry)Acta Biochimica Polonica
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Influence of Cl/Br substitution on the stereochemical peculiarities of copper(I) pi-complexes with the 1-allyl-2-aminopyridinium cation.

2003

By using alternating-current electrochemical synthesis, crystals of the CuI π-complexes bis(1-allyl-2-aminopyridinium) di-μ-chloro-bis[chlorocopper(I)], (C8H11N2)2[Cu2Cl4] or [H2NC5H4NC3H5][CuCl2], and bis(1-allyl-2-aminopyridinium) di-μ-(chloro/bromo)-bis[(chloro/bromo)copper(I)], (C8H11N2)2[Cu2Br2.2Cl1.8] or [H2NC5H4NC3H5][CuBr1.10Cl0.90], have been obtained and structurally investigated. In each of the isostructural (isomorphous) compounds, the distorted tetrahedral Cu environment involves three halide atoms and the C=C bond of the ligand. Both compounds reside on inversion centres, and the dimeric [Cu2 X 4·2H2NC5H4NC3H5] units are bonded into a three-dimensional structure by N—H...X hyd…

chemistry.chemical_classificationLigandStereochemistryHydrogen bondchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineCrystal structure010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry01 natural sciencesCopperGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryX-ray crystallographyMoleculeIsostructuralInorganic compoundActa crystallographica. Section C, Crystal structure communications
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Bimodal Effect of Amphiphilic Biocide Concentrations on Fluidity of Lipid Membranes

1996

Abstract Using the spin label method (ESR) it has been shown that biologically active, amphiphilic compounds (quaternary ammonium salts -AS) containing polar heads with single and double positive charge caused, at low concentrations, decrease fluidity of liposome membranes formed with egg yolk lecithin (EYL). At higher concentrations an increase in fluidity was observed. With compounds having a single positive charge minimum fluidity of membrane structure occurs in the range of 1 to 3%, with compounds containing double positive charge -in the range of 4 -6 % . That effect does not depend on polar head size and length of alkyl chains of the AS used. Analysis of the electrostatic interaction …

chemistry.chemical_classificationLiposomefood.ingredientMembrane FluidityBinding energyInorganic chemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyEgg YolkModels BiologicalLecithinGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyDivalentCyclic N-OxidesQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsMembranefoodchemistryBiochemistryLiposomesPhosphatidylcholinesMembrane fluiditySpin LabelsUltrasonicsSpin labelAlkylZeitschrift für Naturforschung C
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The morphology of block copolymer micelles in supercritical carbon dioxide by small-angle neutron and x-ray scattering

1997

Above its critical point, carbon dioxide forms a super-critical fluid, which promises to be an environmentally responsible replacement for the organic solvents traditionally used in polymerizations. Many lipophilic polymers such as polystyrene (PS) are insoluble in CO2, though polymerizations may be accomplished via the use of PS-fluoropolymer stabilizers, which act as emulsifying agents. Small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering have been used to show that these molecules form micelles with a CO2-phobic PS core and a CO2-philic fluoropolymer corona. When the PS block was fixed in length and the fluorinated corona block was varied, the number of block copolymer molecules per micelle (six to …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceSupercritical carbon dioxideAggregation numberSANSSupercritical-CO2PolymerMicelleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySupercritical fluidchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringmicelleCopolymerFluoropolymerOrganic chemistryPolystyrene
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Conformational properties of N-acetyl-N-methyl-alpha,beta-dehydroalanine N'-methylamide.

2006

The conformational properties of Ac-Delta(Me)Ala-NHMe (N-acetyl-N-methyl-alpha,beta-dehydroalanine N'-methylamide), as the simplest model of N-methyl-alpha,beta-dehydroamino acids, was examined with theoretical methods and in comparison with Ac-DeltaAla-NHMe and Ac-DeltaAla-NMe(2). The N-terminal amide of the Delta(Me)Ala residue easily adopts the configuration cis and the torsion angles phi, psi are highly flexible. The Delta(Me)Ala residue is a conformational flexibilizer as compared to the parent DeltaAla, which is a conformational stiffener. This seems to be the reason why Delta(Me)Ala is found in small natural cyclic peptides, where it ensures the conformational flexibility necessary f…

chemistry.chemical_classificationModels MolecularAlanineMolecular StructureStereochemistryBiophysicsMolecular ConformationHydrogen BondingMethylamideAmidesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCis trans isomerizationCyclic peptidechemistry.chemical_compoundResidue (chemistry)chemistryModels ChemicalDehydroalanineAmideTheoretical methodsPeptidesActa biochimica Polonica
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Molecular aggregation in selected crystalline 1:1 complexes of hydrophobicD- andL-amino acids. IV. TheL-phenylalanine series

2009

The amino acid L-phenylalanine has been cocrystallized with D-2-aminobutyric acid, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(4)H(9)NO(2), D-norvaline, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(5)H(11)NO(2), and D-methionine, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(5)H(11)NO(2)S, with linear side chains, as well as with D-leucine, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(6)H(13)NO(2), D-isoleucine, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(6)H(13)NO(2), and D-allo-isoleucine, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(6)H(13)NO(2), with branched side chains. The structures of these 1:1 complexes fall into two classes based on the observed hydrogen-bonding pattern. From a comparison with other L:D complexes involving hydrophobic amino acids and regular racemates, it is shown that the structure-directing properties of phenylalanine closel…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular StructureChemistryStereochemistryAminobutyratesPhenylalanineHydrogen BondingStereoisomerismStereoisomerismPhenylalanineGeneral MedicineCrystallography X-RayGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAmino acidValineSide chainIsoleucineLeucineAminobutyratesHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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Two penta­de­hydro­peptides with different configurations of the ΔPhe residues

2009

Comparison of the crystal structures of two pentadehydropeptides containing DeltaPhe residues, namely (Z,Z)-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)glycyl-alpha,beta-phenylalanylglycyl-alpha,beta-phenylalanylglycine (or Boc(0)-Gly(1)-Delta(Z)Phe(2)-Gly(3)-Delta(Z)Phe(4)-Gly(5)-OH) methanol solvate, C(29)H(33)N(5)O(8) x CH(4)O, (I), and (E,E)-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)glycyl-alpha,beta-phenylalanylglycyl-alpha,beta-phenylalanylglycine (or Boc(0)-Gly(1)-Delta(E)Phe(2)-Gly(3)-Delta(E)Phe(4)-Gly(5)-OH), C(29)H(33)N(5)O(8), (II), indicates that the Delta(Z)Phe residue is a more effective inducer of folded structures than the Delta(E)Phe residue. The values of the torsion angles phi and psi show the presence of two …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular StructureProtein ConformationOrganic CompoundsStereochemistryHydrogen bondPhenylalanineMolecular Sequence DataHydrogen BondingPhenylalanineGeneral MedicineCrystal structureCrystallography X-RayGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAmino acidCrystallographyResidue (chemistry)Protein structurechemistryIntramolecular forceMoleculeAmino Acid SequenceOligopeptidesProtein BindingActa Crystallographica Section C-Crystal Structure Communications
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Conformational studies of the Emp-AKH peptide using Molecular and Langevin Dynamics methods

1998

The secondary structure of the member of the AKH/RPCH family has been studied by Molecular Dynamics and Langevin Dynamics methods. Molecular dynamics simulation were performed in vacuum, model aqueous solution and simulated membrane. Langevin dynamics simulation was performed using the friction factor γ equal to 2 ps-1. Molecular dynamics as well as Langevin Dynamics simulation were conducted at 300 K. All minimum energy conformers have similar backbone structure characterised by the turn consisted out of 3 amino acids, Thr, Pro and Asn7. Structures obtained from Molecular Dynamics simulation are characterised by the lack of hydrogen bonds whereas the structure obtained form Langevin Dynami…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular dynamicsComputational chemistryChemistryPeptideLangevin dynamicsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology
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Capillary Rise in Nanotubes Coated with Polymer Brushes

2009

The spontaneous rise of a fluid in a brush-coated nanocapillary is studied by molecular dynamics simulation of a coarse-grained model. The cases of changing wettability of both the capillary walls and the brush were examined. We also investigated the impact of polymer chain length on the transport of fluid along the nanotube. We found that capillary filling takes place in both lyophilic and lyophobic tubes, provided that the polymer brush coating is wetted by the fluid. In all the cases studied, capillary rise proceeds by a time-square law, but the mechanisms behind them (Lucas-Washburn or diffusive propagation) differ, depending on the chain length N. For a wettable wall, the speed of flui…

chemistry.chemical_classificationNanotubeMaterials scienceCapillary actionGeneral NeuroscienceBrushPolymerengineering.materialPolymer brushGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologylaw.inventionHistory and Philosophy of ScienceCoatingchemistrylawPolymer chemistryengineeringMeniscusWettingComposite materialAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Cavernolide

2000

Abstract The inhibitory effect of cavernolide, a novel C 21 terpene lactone isolated from the sponge Fasciospongia cavernosa , on PLA 2 and other enzyme activities involved in the inflammatory process was studied. Cavernolide inhibited human synovial sPLA 2 in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC 50 value of 8.8 μM. Besides, this compound decreased in the nanomolar range the myeloperoxidase degranulation process using different stimuli. Cavernolide also inhibited TNFα, NO and PGE 2 production in intact cell experiments. NO and PGE 2 reduction was the consequence of the inhibition on iNOS and COX-2 expression because it did not affect inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhospholipase AbiologyDegranulationGeneral MedicineGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyNitric oxide synthaseManoalidechemistry.chemical_compoundEnzymechemistryBiochemistryMyeloperoxidasebiology.proteinNeutrophil degranulationTumor necrosis factor alphaGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsLife Sciences
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